Becca's Blog

Representation - Representation is the process by which the media presents the 'real world' to an audience. - Media texts are artificial, constructed version of reality - Even factual media - such as news - goes through processes of selection, organisation and editing - that shapes its content. Stereotypes This is the process of repeatedly passing social information from person to person can result in the unintentional and spontaneous formation of cultural stereotypes. Stereotypes can be used to describe characters quickly, relying on existing audience recognition. Stereotypes are dangerous as they can lead audiences to generalize about people or places. Mediation Media text are a construction of reality, and play an important role in the way we view the world. Reality is therefore subject to mediation which is the process that takes place when a media texts meaning is created. When mediation takes place an institution, individual or even technology comes between t...

Interview  Hi welcome to PSB review. Today In here with Nada to discuss the 2007 cultural phenomena 'The Killing'. We have a few question: What IS CULTURAL THEORY. WHAT IS THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK OF CONTEMPORARY MEDIA WITH A FOCUS ON PSB WHAT IS CULTURAL INDUSTRIES INCLUDING HESMONDALGH HOW DOES THE ADVERTISEMENT TRAILERS AND WEBSITES AND HOW MEDIA PRODUCERS TARGET ATTRACT AND PRODUCE...

Discuss the theories of gender relating to the Killing [20] - Bell Hook is a feminist theorist and she believes that feminism is for everyone yet women are seen as objects. An example of this is shown in 'The killing' when we see Nana in the beginning being chased in minimal clothing on and doesn't have any shoes on which suggests that she is vulnerable and or a damsel in destress. -Van Zoonen’s argument is about gender being performative, we see Jessica rehearsing being ‘the good wife’ and the army desperately trying to persuade Brody to perform as the so called masculine hero. The CIA management are male, reinforcing patriarchal power, but the narrative follows the agency of a female protagonist playing the central role of the maverick who is proved right. Why is The Killing relevant to Hesmondhalgh's theory about cultural industries  Cultural industries is the idea that cultural industry companies aim to minimise risk and maximise audience through vertical an...

Film Editing Glossary cut  A visual transition created in editing in which one shot is instantaneously replaced on screen by another. continuity editing Editing that creates action that flows smoothly across shots and scenes without jarring visual inconsistencies. Establishes a sense of story for the viewer. cross cutting Cutting back and forth quickly between two or more lines of action, indicating they are happening simultaneously. dissolve  A gradual scene transition. The editor overlaps the end of one shot with the beginning of the next one. editing  The work of selecting and joining together shots to create a finished film. errors of continuity  Disruptions in the flow of a scene, such as a failure to match action or the placement of props across shots. establishing shot  A shot, normally taken from a great distance or from a "bird's eye view," that establishes where the action is about to occur. eye line match  The matching of eye ...

SOUND TERMS  Pleonastic - Sound which is heightened to create fear, tension, excitement etc Ambient - Background sounds which are present in the scene e.g. animals, people, weather etc Selective - Sound which is used to place emphasis on certain things in a scene  Sound Bridge  - At the beginning of a new scene the sound is carried over from the end of the old scene Sound Effects  – Sounds which are used to make a psychological impact or place emphasis on certain things in a scene Score  – Music which is played during a scene which can create a certain mood, link two scenes or help add to the plot Silence  – Used to create suspense or get some sort of reaction from the audience Theme music  – Music which is played throughout the movie and is used to develop the narrative and match the theme of the movie Voice over  – The voice of a character which is used to guide or inform the audience but can also mislead th...

' The Killing uses narrative code appropriate genre' Neale believes that films of a type of genre, for example, film noir should include features that are similar, so the audience knows it is a film noir, but also include features that are different, to keep an audience interested. For example in the killing, it has film noir components such as extreme close-ups, a damp urban location, a detective, a damsel in distress but what is different is that there is no heavy smoking or drinking. film noir strauss todorov

https://www.slideshare.net/MissOzzy/theory-theorists Levi Strauss Theory (NARRATIVE) Binary opposition drives a narrative forward, you need opposition to make a movie go along. Example In the killing, we know nothing about the investigator but be we know more about the daughter Todorov Theory (NARRATIVE) 1. Equilibrium 2. Disruption of equilibrium 3. Recognition of the disruption 4. An attempt to repair the damage 5. New equilibrium Example 1. In 'hunger games' we meet the main character Katniss who is practising for the hunger games 2. Katniss sister gets chosen to be a tribute. There sister relationship breaks. 3. Katniss has realised what she got herself into. She knows that she may not see her family again if she isn't careful. She will try to win the hunger games 4. When Rue dies, this makes Katniss stronger and more determined to win the game. 5. Katniss wins the hunger game Steve Neale Theory  Genre are instance of repetition and difference. Neal...

EXAM QUESTION: 'The Killing' is a show that is gained critical acclaim and was seen as innovative in terms of its representation of female characters. In what way do you agree and disagree. Theorists (feminist): Bell Hook - Feminism is for everyone. - Colour codes: Lighter skinned/white women are considered more desirable and fit better into the western ideology of beauty. - Females are seen as objects. Example from the killing, In the killing the lady is being chased in very minimal clothing. The lady is raped and killed. Van Zoonen (Feminist) Van Zoonen believes the media portray images of stereotypical women and this behaviour reinforces societal views. The media does this because they believe it reflects dominant social values (what people believe in) and male producers are influenced by this. This is a patriarchy (a society ran by men for men) which dominates and oppresses women.

Colour (Augustus Waters costume) -  We see him wearing quite dark colours e.g, he wears a brown jacket, dark grey top black shoes. We know that he is going through cancer and its depressing knowing that you are not going to live very long, the dark colours could reflect on his mood of being upset about having cancer. Lighting - When the characters are in the cancer support group centre. The room is the lighting is very minimal and the darkness can reflect on how the characters are feeling about how they are going through cancer and the minimal light can reflect on how the characters are getting support for what they are going through. The little light can also reflect on the fact that when they die they will go to heaven, bright light reflects on positivity. Props (Hazel) - She wears an oxygen tubes which suggests that she has a problem with her lungs.

EDITING: - wide shot - a few film noir components used - Detective, black and white, - special effects - luring the audience into false sense of security with the quick cuts which switch to slow cuts which then go back to quick cuts - The cuts speed up when the girl starts running fast - Strauss; Binary opposition makes the narrative drive forward: We don't know about the investigator as we haven't seen him, but we have seen the girl. SOUND: - Motif sound: Repetitive sounds of the drumming played when the girl is running, it could be a metaphor for her heart beating fast. When the drumming stops it could be a sign of the girl taking a break - Diegetic sound: Used when the girl is huffing and puffing when she is walking through the water we here there feet splashing on the water MISE EN SCENE: - Location of the woods make the scene suspicious and scary - The plane flies over the girl's head in the dark and alight from the plane shines on her. Showing that ther...

continuity editing  -  the most common type of editing which aims to create sense of reality and time moving forward. Jump cut  - an abrupt, disorientating transitional device in the middle of a continuous shot in which the action is noticeably advanced in time and/or cut between two similar shots, usually done to create discontinuity for artistic effect. cross cutting - the editing technique of alternating, interweaving or interspersing one narrative action with another -  usually in different locations or places, thus combing the two: this editing technique usually suggests parallel action. often used to dramatically build tension and/or suspense in chase scenes or to compare two different scenes. Also known as inter-cutting or parallel editing.

I put in silence at 1:50 when the girl is behind the tree and the light is pointing towards her. I thought this was a good place to put silence as this would give the audience concern of what is going on and why the girl is running away.

INT. -   THE EVENING  AT REBECCA'S HOUSE, SHE IS WEARING AN EVENING GOWN, HAIR SLICK AND TIED UP,. THE CAMERA IS FILMING THE LITTLE BROTHER IN THE LIVING ROOM PLAYING GAMES WHILE REBECCA IS GETING HER HOUSE READY FOR HER CHEATING BOYFRIEND. [REBECCA WALKS INTO THE LIVING ROOM] REBECCA: JUNIOR STAY IN THE LIVING ROOM AT ALL TIMES IS THAT CLEAR? JUNIOR:  [WHITH HIS EARPHONES IN]  YES YES LEAVE NOW! [REBECCA ROLES HER EYES AND MAKES HER WAY TO HER BEDROOM]] [REBECCA'S PHONE RINGS, ITS HER CHEATING BOYFRIEND [TYRESE], REBECCA ANSWER] REBECCA: HEY BABES...YOU ON YOUR WAY.... 5 MINUTES.... CALM, REMEMBER TO CLIMB THE LADDER THEN ENTER THROUGH THE FIRST FLOOR WINDOW..... YES SEE YOU SOON. [PHONE CALL ENDS] EXT. -  TYRESE IS WALKING TOWARDS REBECCA'S HOUSE. CLIMBS THE LADDER INTO THE WINDOW.

Applying theory to  The Killing Strauss theory: 'Binary opposition drives a narrative forward, you need opposition to make a movie go along.' Example In the killing, we know nothing about the investigator but be we know more about the daughter. Steve Neale Theory:  'Genre are instance of repetition and difference' Example The killing is film noir which should typically have a voice over, black and white, urban location, drinking, money etc. But the difference is that there is minimal drinking, an urban location is not used, there is no voice over, its not in black and white and a range of technology is used to make it more modern day based.

FILM NOIR Investigator/Detective (Usually narrating or voice over) Crime (usually money themed) Heavy smoking , drinking. Urban location Bleak view of humanity Blinds, mirrors,shadows Breaks the conventions of filming Black and white lighting Extreme high and low camera angles